PLACE
CITY / CITIES
WHERE PEOPLE LIVE THEIR LIVES ... WHERE PEOPLE, NATURE AND PEOPLE BUILT SYSTEMS AND STRUCTURES COME TOGETHER
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OVERVIEW / WHY PLACE IS IMPORTANT
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PLACE
WHERE PEOPLE LIVE THEIR LIVES / CITIES, REGIONS, COUNTRIES
Everything happens in PLACE, it is where people live and work and play, and, it is where economic activity consumes resources, degrades the environment and produces products that a needed and wanted by people.
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GO SlideNav-for-TVA #PLACE
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PLACE ... Navigation
Navigation to information / case studies about specific places
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Open L0200-PLACE
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METHODS FOR THE ANALYSIS OF PLACE
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TVM-MDIA-CA-WorkBook-001_141124
A draft workbook to collect community information (draft from July 2008) now being updated to reflect the frame of MDIA and 7D-Capitalism
'http://www.truevaluemetrics.org/DBpdfs/MDIA/CA-WorkBook/TVM-MDIA-CA-WorkBook-001_141124.pdf'
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Open PDF ... TVM-MDIA-CA-WorkBook-001_141124
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PLACE / MANY DIFFERENT CHARACTERISTICS
WHERE PEOPLE LIVE THEIR LIVES ... CITIES, REGIONS, COUNTRIES
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PLACE: Cities / Neighborhood /
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PLACE
WHERE PEOPLE LIVE THEIR LIVES / CITIES, REGIONS, COUNTRIES
Everything happens in PLACE, it is where people live and work and play, and, it is where economic activity consumes resources, degrades the environment and produces products that a needed and wanted by people.
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Open L0700-PLACE
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GO SlideNav-for-TVA #PLACE
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PLACE - COMMUNITY
Community is an instance of a PLACE. It is small enough to be easy to understand, and therefore easier to manage
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PLACE - COMMUNITY
Community is an instance of a PLACE. It is small enough to be easy to understand, and therefore easier to manage
| Open list0300-Community
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CITIES, URBAN COMMUNITIES
Cities and urban communities are instances of PLACE. They may have a very large population and are more difficult to understand and manage
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COUNTRIES
Country level data provide the dominant metrics used by organizations like the World Bank, the United Nations and others in the assessment of socio-economic progress and performance. In TVM we want to go deeper than the country level metrics ... the country is a start.
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REGIONS
In this context, a region is a group of countries such as the Middle East, or Europe or some group of countries such as NATO or the Horn of Africa.
| Open list0300-REGIONS
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STATE or AREA
A STATE or AREA is a part of a country. It may be delineated by some physical geographic characteristic or it may be defined administratively. The Nile River basin would be an example of a physical characteristic. A Province in Canada or a State in the United States are examples of administative delineation.
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THE STATE OF THE PLACE
WHERE PEOPLE LIVE THEIR LIVES ... CITIES, REGIONS, COUNTRIES
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THE PROGRESS OF THE PLACE
WHERE PEOPLE LIVE THEIR LIVES ... CITIES, REGIONS, COUNTRIES
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IMPACT OF THE POPULATION ON THE PLACE
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THE PERFORMANCE OF THE PLACE
WHERE PEOPLE LIVE THEIR LIVES ... CITIES, REGIONS, COUNTRIES
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Cities // Liveable Cities
Beijing joining the ranks of the world’s most liveable cities
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Open file 15434
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SMART CITIES
The application of IT to cities has significant potential
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GO TOP
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Technology will enable great changes in cities, as in almost every other dimension of life. The challenge is going to be to make sure that the benefit accures to people and society as a whole, and not merely to the ownership class.
Investment should be rewarded, but the reward should be fair, and not merely arranged to extract the maximum from society as has been the practice for much of the last century.
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METRICS about PLACE
Where People Live and Work
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TVM MDIA White Paper ... Place in MDIA
This 8 page essay was prepared in 2014 to describe the importance of PLACE in quality of life and the functioning of the socio-enviro-economic system
The text from this essay is set out below.
http://www.truevaluemetrics.org/DBpdfs/MDIA/TVM-MDIA-WP-Place-140226a.pdf
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Open PDF ...
TVM-MDIA-WP-Place-140226a
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TrueValueMetrics - Multi Dimension Impact Accounting (MDIA)
White Paper #1 … Metrics about Place … Where People Live and Work
MULTI DIMENSION IMPACT ACCOUNTING (MDIA)
Metrics about Place … Where People Live and Work
February 2014
All economic activities are located in a place
Because the dominant metrics for the past two centuries have been those that apply to an enterprise, the impact on place has been largely ignored.
A place is for ever
A place is important for many reasons. A place does not move in the same way that an organization or a project can move. A place exists essentially in perpetuity.
A place is where economic activities may be located
A place can be real world demonstration of the whole being better than the sum of the parts. … or vice versa. It is possible for an economic activity to be doing everything right, but the impact on society and the economy ends up being nothing. This is a big part of why the funds flowing into international development assistance often do not end up producing useful results.
A place is where resources are located
Analysis of economic activity over the years does suggest however, that the place has been the source of great wealth in large part because the place was where valuable minerals were located and could easily be extracted at low cost.
This is the story of the American West, of Kimberley in South Africa and of Nigeria in West Africa. Great profits were made while the resources were being exploited with no accounting for the lost value and impact on planet.
A place is where pollution happens
Pollution is in the news because of issues like climate warming and the impact greenhouse gases are having on global weather patterns. These are difficult to comprehend, and difficult to address
without getting into arguments that are almost impossible to settle with understandable data.
But all pollution originates in a place, and analysis of performance with respect to pollution in a place is much easier to understand. When pollution in a place is identified, it is possible to have follow up so that the pollution is abated.
Validation of reality is possible in a place
One of the great strengths of data about a place is that it does not move. The place where something has happened cannot be relocated.
This enables management by observation … management by walking around.
The 'State' of the Place
Money flows and wealth
The money wealth of a place, or the lack of wealth is a component of the 'state' of the place.
Money is an enabling factor in the performance of society and economic activities.
Where money comes from and where money goes to are factors in determining the state of the place. Money and wealth that is local has a different value dynamic than money that has come from outside the community.
Organizations … profit and valuadd
Organizations and the underlying economic activities are a key component in the socio-economic vitality of a place.
Conventional money profit accounting and project analysis that has a rigorous financial focus without an equally rigorous focus on valuadd has resulted in a 'race to the bottom' for society.
Companies relocate to anywhere that offers low wages, low taxes and low cost amenities of all sorts.
Truvalue accounting optimizes not only for the money profit advantage for the company but the value impact for the place.
People
For people, state is about quality of life, and all its components. For place, it is people that are the biggest 'raison d'etre' for the place, and the state of people's quality of life a very big determinant of the state of the place.
How people are able to interact with all the other components of the state of the place determines quality of life. All of these feed into people's quality of life:
• The quality of the schools and educational opportunities;
• The quality of the transport infrastructure;
• The quality of the health infrastructure;
• The economic activities and job opportunities;
• The opportunities for sports and recreation;
• The opportunity for arts and entertainment;
• etc.
The state of people feeds into the state of the place.
The MDIA analytical construct is based on the premise that people are 'assets' and more people is better than less people.
Too much of economics is based on small samples, scaling up to a bigger population, and then dividing by the size of the population to arrive at a per capita number.
The 'value' of people starts off with a standard or norm. Lack of things that are important creates a deficit relative to the standard. A critical part of the development of a working system is the way in which these deficits are computed.
Product
Product is the vehicle for economic costs and values to travel through the economy. The products that go into an economic activity are derived from materials and energy that originates in a place, and economic activities that are located in a place.
Planet – Resources
Resources in a place are important. Much of the decision about location of industry throughout the industrial revolution has been to do with the location of resources, and the availability of
transportation for resources.
Planet – Environment / Ecosystem Services
The issue of pollution of the environment is somewhat academic at the level of the planet or even the nation, but is very real at the community level and the physical place. was ignored in economic decision making until the last 50 years or so. It it now part of the conversation, but the prevailing conventional metrics ignore all externalities.
Built Environment
The built environment in a place determines in large part how well the place is able to perform in every aspect of society and the economy:
• The transport infrastructure
• The water and sewer infrastructure
• The communications infrastructure
• The education infrastructure
• The health infrastructure
• The sports and entertainment infrastructure
• The housing infrastructure
Enabling Environment
The effectiveness of the economy is another dimension of state. There can be more progress in an economy where the enabling environment is good, than one in which the enabling environment is poor. The enabling environment has many components ranging from the rules and regulations governing economic activity, the infrastructure, the availability of skilled workers, the availability of essential materials, and so on.
Organizations engaged in economic activities and governance are part of the enabling environment in a place.
• For the State, there is a State Government
• For the County, there is County Government
• For the City or Municipality there is City or Municipal Government
• For schools there are School Boards
Note: This is how they would be described in the United States … other countries have very similar structures albeit with different names.
These organizations enact laws and promulgate regulations that govern the way a lot of life gets lived and organizations behave. Sometimes these laws and regulations are very much in the
public interest, but too much, these laws and regulations have elements that favor special interests in inappropriate ways.
Knowledge
Knowledge is an enabler of socio-economic progress. This has been true for all of human history, but the role of knowledge to enable 'game-changing' socio-economic activities has never been as
strong as it is today. We have seen amazing progress in the last 200 years, and especially in the last 50 years, but the progress of knowledge is faster now than it has ever been.
The system that is global society, and the system that is the global economy are very complex, but the idea that research should be constrained by money rather than by human brain and innovation is a major sub-optimization of these systems.
Progress of the Place
Progress is change in state. The progress of a place in a period is measured by how much the 'state' of the place has improved from the beginning of the period to the end of the period. Each of these components of state has a role in measuring progress.
1. Money and Wealth
2. Organization performance
3. People
4. Product
5. Planet – Resources
6. Planet – Environment
7. Built Environment
8. Enabling Environment
9. Knowledge
The Performance of the Place
The State of the Place versus the Value Consumed
The basic measure of performance is to relate the state of the place with the value consumed to sustain this state.
A secondary measure of performance is to relate the progress of the place with the value consumed to achieve this progress.
This measure has the advantage that it confronts those metrics that are based on the idea that more is better. It connects the achievement of a high quality of life and standard of living with the trucost of sustaining this or improving it.
Comparing Trucost and Truvalue
In conventional money profit accounting there is a comparison of money costs with money revenues, and the result is profit. There are conventional ways to measure profit performance such as 'return on investment' where the amount of profit is compared to the amount of money capital that is invested to earn that profit.
The performance of a society and the economy can also be measured, in this case by comparing the trucost with the truvalue.
Every economic activity consumes inputs and generates outputs. When these are expressed not as simple money costs and prices, but as the complete trucost and the complete truvalue it is possible to see the flows of all the components of the socio-economy rather than just the money component.
Impact of Economic Activity for the Place
The impact of economic activity for the place is measured at the level of the place by looking at the 'state' and the change in state over time.
The analysis of economic activities makes it possible to understand in a very granular way how the local economy functions. As in corporate accounting, the details that go into making a summary, are more interesting than the summary consolidation. The details have a granularity that enables understanding.
Not every economic activity needs to be the subject of analysis for a good understanding of the way the economy in the place functions. The performance of a place can be understood without all the economic activities being in the data.
For economic activities that have a material impact, the following elements of trucost and truvalue need to be documented:
1. Money - Surplus or Deficit;
2. People - Impact on Quality of Life;
3. Product;
4. Community - Place;
5. Planet - Resource Depletion - Materials - Energy;
6. Planet - Environmental Degradation - Land - Water - Air;
7. Built Environment - Infrastructure, Buildings, Plant and Equipment;
8. Enabling Environment - Governance, Rule of Law, Taxation, etc;
9. Knowledge - What we Know
Place … The State and Progress of a Community
Place
The State of a Place and the Performance of a Place are a big determinant of the State of an Individual, and in turn the State of all the Individuals in the place is a big factor in the State of
the Place.
Things that happen in a place are easier to understand than things that happen inside a corporate organization and are not identified to a place. Things that happen in a place can be reported by
the local media, and people in the place can see what is being reported. There can be accountability and transparency in a place in ways that are not possible when no place is identified.
In the MDIA framework, the place is different from the government entity that has the role of governance in the area. The State of Place is about a geographic location, not an administrative district. The governance organization are part of the inventory of organizations located in the place.
Place is important because every economic activity is located in a place, and its performance in a place can be observed in a very specific way. An economic activity in a place has interactions with everything that matters:
• People … that live and work in the place;
• Organizations … that implement or finance the economic activities;
• Products … that are consumed by an economic activity and are produced by economic activities;
• Natural environment and resources:
... ◦ Land and water use:
... ◦ Resource depletion … the consumption of materials, energy, water, etc. that impact the planet, both within economic activities and by the people in the place;
... ◦ Environmental degradation … that results from economic activity and the lifestyle choices of the people in the place;
• Built environment … the consumption of resources associated with
... ◦ the use of the infrastructure in the place;
... ◦ the degradation of the built environment; or
... ◦ the upgrading of the built environment.
• Enabling environment …
• Knowledge ...
• Wealth …
There is both the 'State' of the place and the 'Progress' of the place. Progress may be ascertained by looking at the way 'State' changes over time.
There is also the 'Performance' of the place, which has two parts:
• the relationship between the Progress being achieved as a result of the allocation and consumption of resources.
• the consumption of resources required to maintain the 'state' of the place
People in the place
People: that live and work in the place are the main source of value in the place. This is sometimes referred to as human capital, sometimes as the human resource. In MDIA people are people, and the purpose of everything is that people will be able to sustain a decent quality of life and improve their quality of life, all the time while reducing the stress on the planet so that
everything is sustainable.
Place is important not for the place per se, but because people live and work in a place, or maybe people just enjoy the place when they visit. Everything is, however, people centric.
It was Henry Ford that realized that people were both producers and they were consumers. For a while the idea of people being prosumers was popular in popular economic literature.
For analysis, people are considered in several groups:
• Owners and investors
• Executives
• Employees
Each of these groups have to be categorized by where they are located. For owners and investors there is the question of where the investments are located, and where the income and capital gains from investments are located. There is a big difference in the economic and social impact of these two investments:
1. an investment being made in location A that comes from location B, earns profits in location A, and then returns capital and profit to location B
2. an investment being made in location A that comes from location A, earns profits in location A, and then returns capital and profit to location A
For executives and employees there is also a question of location. When an individual works and lives in the same community, there is one dynamic. When the individual works in one community and lives in another community the economic dynamic is very different.
The same issues also apply over time. A person may grow up in one place or community taking advantage of the educational infrastructure, then work and live in other communities and then retire in another place or community. This creates a series of complex financial implications that need to be addressed in order to have fairness for places and the people who depend on the places.
Economic activities in the place
The health of the economy of a place is a function of the economic activities that are located in the place. An economic activity may be implemented by an individual, a group, a corporate organization or some other entity. The economic activity is independent of the legal form of organization. An economic activity my be financed in many different ways, and the method of financing is independent of the economic activity.
A report about the state, progress and performance of an economic entity is of interest per se, but is also of importance as a part of a consolidation with other economic activities that then summarize the aggregation of the economic activities.
There are two main ways in which economic activities are consolidated or summarized:
• For the place
• For the organization
Organizations in the place
Organizations have had a very positive impact on socio-economic progress that has been good for many people (but not all people) for a very long time, while causing a vast amount of damage
to the natural environment.
Political leadership is engaged in a race to the bottom when it offers tax holidays and other incentives to attract companies into the area.
Organizations implement or finance economic activities which are located in a place. The performance of a place is in some part a result of aggregating all the economic activities located
in the place.
The health of the local economy in the place is not much of a function of the organization, but a function of the economic activities that the organization invests in or implements in the place.
• Products used in the place … their value chain
• Products … that are consumed by an economic activity and are produced by economic activities;
• Planet … resource depletion
• Resource depletion … the consumption of materials, energy, water, etc. that impact the planet, both within economic activities and by the people in the place;
• Natural environment and resources
• Land and water use
• Planet … environmental degradation
• Environmental degradation … that results from economic activity and the lifestyle choices of the people in the place;
• Natural environment and resources
• Land and water use
Built environment
Built environment … the consumption of resources associated with the use of the infrastructure in the place, the degradation of the built environment or the upgrading of the built environment.
Enabling environment
Knowledge …
Wealth …
One or many economic activities are implemented in a place. The performance of a place is the aggregation or consolidation of all the economic activities in the place. Everything that impacts
the planet has its origins in a place, either in nature or as a result of economic activity.
Table of Contents
All economic activities are located in a place............................................................1
A place is for ever..............................................................................................................1
A place is where economic activities may be located........................................................1
A place is where resources are located.............................................................................1
A place is where pollution happens...................................................................................1
Validation of reality is possible in a place.........................................................................1
The 'State' of the Place.............................................................................................2
Money flows and wealth....................................................................................................2
Organizations … profit and valuadd.................................................................................2
People................................................................................................................................2
Product .............................................................................................................................3
Planet – Resources ...........................................................................................................3
Planet – Environment........................................................................................................3
Built Environment .............................................................................................................3
Enabling Environment.......................................................................................................3
Knowledge.........................................................................................................................4
Progress of the Place................................................................................................4
The Performance of the Place..................................................................................4
The State of the Place versus the Value Consumed...........................................................4
Comparing Trucost and Truvalue......................................................................................4
Impact of Economic Activity for the Place.................................................................5
Place … The State and Progress of a Community...................................................5
Place.............................................................................................................................5
People in the place.......................................................................................................6
Economic activities in the place...................................................................................7
Organizations in the place............................................................................................7
Products used in the place … their value chain...........................................................8
Planet … resource depletion.........................................................................................8
Planet … environmental degradation ..........................................................................8
Built environment .........................................................................................................8
Enabling environment...................................................................................................8
Knowledge … ...............................................................................................................8
TVM-MDIA-WP-Place-140226a.odt Copyright (c) 2014 Peter Burgess All Rights Reserved … Last saved Feb 27, 2014 11:53 AM
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TVM MDIA White Paper ... Place in MDIA
General:
Location
Population and Demographics
Physical Geography
Governance:
Community Governance
Area Governance
National Governance
Economics:
Jobs and Employment
Security:
Security
Crime rate
Money and banking:
Microcredit
Minicredit
Municredit
Housing finance
Business banking
Insurance, etc.
Remittance systems
Natural Resources:
Agriculture
Fisheries
Minerals
Coal, oil and gas
Timber
Bio-diversity
Game and wildlife
Water
Infrastructure:
Housing
Water
Sanitation
Electricity
Community facilities
Roads and bridges
Seaports and waterways
Airports
Energy
Communications
Science and Technology:
Medical science
Transport technology
Communications
Knowledge technology
Business:
Construction
Retail trade
Wholesale trade
Transport
Mining Industry
Agriculture
Fisheries
Forestry
Agro-Industry
Manufacturing
Hospitality
Tourism
ICT telecenters
Prostitution
Narcotics
Professional:
Accounting
Legal
Business consulting
Other consulting
Engineering
Architects
Testing labs
Sports:
Health:
Health status
Health professionals
Other health workers
Health infrastructure
Health organizations
Health services
AIDS
Malaria
Mother/child
Entertainment:
Education:
Literacy and educational status
School infrastructure
Teachers and school supplies
Not for Profit Services:
Local organizations
Visiting organizations
Religion and Religious organizations
Orphans and vulnerable children
Hospice care
Culture:
Music and dance
Tradition and history
Other:
Any other matter
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