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IMPORTANT ISSUE
INDUSTRIAL AGE POLLUTION
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Energy Industry ... Big profits and big pollution
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Oil spills
Niger Delta
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Oil Spills
USA - BP Gulf
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Emissions
Flaring gas in USA
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Emissions
Refinery
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Emissions
Fracking
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Environment
Coal (Open pit)
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Solid Waste in a Rural Stream in the USA
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Solid Waste on a Beach in the Phillipines
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Solid Waste in the Stomach of a Dead Sea Bird
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ENERGY INDUSTRY POLLUTION
Energy Industry ... Big Profits and Big Pollution
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GO TOP
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Oil Fouling Animal Life after BP Gulf Oil Spill
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The damage caused by the BP Gulf oil spill in 2010 was enormous, and much of it not solved with money. The oil industry has a track record of riding roughshod over environmental concerns, and the Gulf spill is one example that was easy to see.
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Oil pollution in the Niger Delta of Nigeria
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I first worked in Nigeria during the 1970s, and became superficially aware of the pollution being caused by the international oil industry. About a decade later I was recruited to do some work for IFAD in connection with the artisanal fisheries in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria and in this role saw the catastrophic destruction of the artisanal fishery by the pollution of the oil industry. In turn this pollution made it impossible for artisanal fisherfolk to make a living. Neither the industry or Government was held to account for this obscene behavior.
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Oil pollution in a Residential Suburb in Alabama, USA
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Flaring gas in USA
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Refinery air quality
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Coal (Open pit)
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Fracking
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Different handling of oil spills in Brazil and USA
Brazilians charge Big Oil for spill...why didn't we?
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Open file 1831
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Marine Anthropogenic Litter
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Reports of plastics in the marine environment began to appear in the early 1970s.
At the time, Edward Carpenter of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution speculated
that the problem was likely to get worse and that toxic, non-polymeric compounds
in plastics known as plasticizers could be delivered to marine organisms as
a potential effect. Carpenter’s speculations were correct and probably more so than
he imagined. The quantity of plastics in ocean waters has increased enormously,
and toxic plastic additives, as well as toxicants concentrated by plastics from the
surrounding sea water, have been documented in many marine species
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The complete book (462 pages)
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Open PDF ... Marine-Anthropogenic-Litter-Book
Open external link
'https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007%2F978-3-319-16510-3'
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Open External Link ...
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Marine Anthropogenic Litter
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Introduction / Brief History of the Research
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Chapter 1 ... A Brief History of Marine Litter Research
Peter G. Ryan
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Open PDF ... Marine-Anthropogenic-Litter-Book-Ch-01
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Part I ... Abiotic Aspects of Marine ... Litter Pollution
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Chapter 2 ... Global Distribution, Composition and Abundance of Marine Litter
François Galgani, Georg Hanke and Thomas Maes
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Open PDF ... Marine-Anthropogenic-Litter-Book-Ch-02
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Chapter 3 ... Persistence of Plastic Litter in the Oceans ...
Anthony L. Andrady
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Open PDF ... Marine-Anthropogenic-Litter-Book-Ch-03
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Part II ... Biological Implications of Marine Litter
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Chapter 4 ... Deleterious Effects of Litter on Marine Life ...
Susanne Kühn, Elisa L. Bravo Rebolledo and Jan A. van Franeker
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Open PDF ... Marine-Anthropogenic-Litter-Book-Ch-04
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Chapter 5 ... The Complex Mixture, Fate and Toxicity of Chemicals Associated with Plastic Debris in the Marine Environment ...
Chelsea M. Rochman
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Open PDF ... Marine-Anthropogenic-Litter-Book-Ch-05
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Chapter 6 ... Marine Litter as Habitat and Dispersal Vector ...
Tim Kiessling, Lars Gutow and Martin Thiel
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Open PDF ... Marine-Anthropogenic-Litter-Book-Ch-06
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Part III ... Microplastics
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Chapter 7 ... Microplastics in the Marine Environment: Sources, Consequences and Solutions ...
Richard C. Thompson
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Open PDF ... Marine-Anthropogenic-Litter-Book-Ch-07
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Chapter 8 ... Methodology Used for the Detection and Identification of Microplastics—A Critical Appraisal ...
Martin G.J. Löder and Gunnar Gerdts
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Open PDF ... Marine-Anthropogenic-Litter-Book-Ch-08
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Chapter 9 ... Sources and Pathways of Microplastics to Habitats ...
Mark A. Browne
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Open PDF ... Marine-Anthropogenic-Litter-Book-Ch-09
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Chapter 10 ... Microplastics in the Marine Environment: Distribution, Interactions and Effects ...
Amy Lusher
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Open PDF ... Marine-Anthropogenic-Litter-Book-Ch-10
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Chapter 11 ... Modeling the Role of Microplastics in Bioaccumulation of Organic Chemicals to Marine Aquatic Organisms. A Critical Review
Albert A. Koelmans
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Open PDF ... Marine-Anthropogenic-Litter-Book-Ch-11
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Chapter 12 ... Nanoplastics in the Aquatic Environment. Critical Review ...
Albert A. Koelmans, Ellen Besseling and Won J. Shim
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Open PDF ... Marine-Anthropogenic-Litter-Book-Ch-12
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Part IV ... Socio-economic Implications of Marine Anthropogenic Litter
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Chapter 13 ... Micro- and Nano-plastics and Human Health ...
Tamara S. Galloway
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Open PDF ... Marine-Anthropogenic-Litter-Book-Ch-13
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Chapter 14 ... The Economics of Marine Litter ...
Stephanie Newman, Emma Watkins, Andrew Farmer, Patrick ten Brink and Jean-Pierre Schweitzer
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Open PDF ... Marine-Anthropogenic-Litter-Book-Ch-14
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Chapter 15 ... Regulation and Management of Marine Litter ...
Chung-Ling Chen
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Open PDF ... Marine-Anthropogenic-Litter-Book-Ch-15
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Chapter 16 ... The Contribution of Citizen Scientists to the Monitoring of Marine Litter ...
Valeria Hidalgo-Ruz and Martin Thiel
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Open PDF ... Marine-Anthropogenic-Litter-Book-Ch-16
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Air pollution ... Greenhouse Gases (GHG)
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EPA-pollution-standards-epa-plan-summary-June-2014
Air pollution standards for electic power generation in the USA being proposed by EPA, June 2014
'http://truevaluemetrics.org/DBpdfs/Environmental-Protection/EPA-pollution-standards-epa-plan-summary-June-2014.pdf'
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Open PDF ... EPA-pollution-standards-epa-plan-summary-June-2014
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Air pollution ... Diesel Soot and Human Health
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West Oakland ...Clearing-the-Air-Study ... 2003
West Oakland residents face dangerous amounts of diesel soot in the air: Some West Oakland residents are exposed to roughly five times more diesel particulates than residents in other parts of Oakland. West Oakland residents may have an increased risk of one extra cancer per 1,000 residents due to diesel particulate exposure over a lifetime.
There is far more diesel pollution in West Oakland than in the rest of the State/Region: There are 6 times more diesel particulates emitted per person and over 90 times more diesel particulates per square mile per year in West Oakland than in the State of California.2
'http://truevaluemetrics.org/DBpdfs/Place/WestOakland/WestOakland-clearing-the-air-study.pdf'
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Open PDF ... WestOakland-clearing-the-air-study
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AlJazeera English ... Opinion ... Who pollutes: The rich or the poor?
India's prime minister Modi is allowing India's environment to be destroyed in order to cater to powerful foreign investors.
Privatising profit and natural resources, socialising pollution
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Open file 147
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Polluted Water
Polluted water is everywhere ... almost always the result of bad human behavior at both the consumer level and during the manufacture of producs
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Polluted waterway ... all sorts of discarded junk
Solid waste ... all sort of detritus in a small watercourse. This sort of pollution is all over the United States, and is much worse around cities in poor developing countries.
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Polluted water ... all sorts of disolved toxins
Building on prior studies largely in Europe in 1999−2000 the USGS Toxics program surveyed 139 stream sites across the U.S. using five target-organic-chemical methods (95 total organic waste analytes; geospatial-chemical space of 13k cells). This study established the ubiquity and corresponding geospatial importance of organic contaminants of emerging concern as potential drivers of aquatic-ecosystem and downstream human health in the U.S.47 The Kolpin et al. study10 also provided one of the earliest glimpses into the complexity of surface water organic-contaminant mixtures, despite the fact that comprehensive chemical characterization was not a study objective and methods for some well established environmental-contaminant classes (e.g., pesticides and VOC) were not included
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Environmental-Science-US-Water-Pollution-Study
'http://truevaluemetrics.org/DBpdfs/Pollution/Environmental-Science-US-Water-Pollution-Study.pdf'
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Open PDF ...
Environmental-Science-US-Water-Pollution-Study
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Wastewater Treatment
A critical part of high value infrastructure
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GO TOP
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The Deer Island wastewater treatment plant was the centerpiece of a project to clean up the Boston Harbor. It wasn’t fully operational until 2000. Doc Searls/flickr, CC BY
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Ubiquitous Pollution
Polluted water is everywhere ... almost always the result of bad human behavior at both the consumer level and during the manufacture of products
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GO TOP
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New Delhi’s Yamuna River, like much of India’s water, is polluted. The world urgently needs low-carbon ways to clean things up. EPA/Harish Tyagi
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Many Chinese waterways are severely polluted. EPA/DIEGO AZUBEL/AAP |
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Issue ... Clean water and sanitation / Climate impact
Let’s make sure that cleaning up the world’s water doesn’t send our climate targets down the gurgler
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Open file 12460
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Polluted Water ... Brazil
Polluted water in Brazil became a very visible issue during the 2016 Olympics
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Environmental Pollution ... Sewage / Human Waste
As Rio bay waters show, we badly need innovation in treating human wastes
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Open file 11749
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Issue ... Water / Sanitation
Brazil’s sewage woes reflect the growing global water quality crisis
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Open file 12459
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Olympic rowers train in waters near Rio. The lack of sufficient treatment has raised health concerns for athletes. Carlos Barria/Reuters
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News about the sewage and pollution in Guanabara Bay in Rio have caused health concerns among Olympic athletes. Ricardo Moraes/Reuters
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Millions of dollars were spent to clean up the trash and treat sewage in the waterways around Rio before the Olympics, but water quality remains a worry. Ricardo Moraes/Reuters
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Data about global Human Waste situation
Massive problem largely ignored based on allocation of financial resources
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Human Waste
Managed well in mature rich economies, but a huge problem in poor developing countries
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The largest circles show the countries most in need of sanitation. World Bank
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Human Waste
SFD for Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Human Waste
The SFD, or shit flow diagram, for Dhaka, Bangladesh shows that nearly all of waste is released into the environment untreated. World Water Week,
Human waste increases as population increases. With more than 7 billion people on the planet the volume of human waste is around 3 million metric tons per day!
(Based on a population of around 7 billion and feces production per person of around 1lb per person per day!)
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Open file #12979
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School latrine in Ethiopia
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Public latrine in China ... a community near Beijing
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Because installing centralized sewage treatment plants is expensive and plants do not expand quickly to match population growth, alternative methods such as regular waste collection businesses are needed. gtzecosan/flickr, CC BY
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A technology initiative funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation ... conversion to biochar
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Plastic in the Oceans
Between 1950 and 2015, an estimated 8.3 billion metric tons of plastic have been produced globally, and 75% of this plastic has been thrown away. A large percentage of this waste has ended up in the world’s oceans, creating the problem that is so graphically shown in Power’s photos.
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Emerging-Air-Pollution-Issues-in-Changing-Pearl-River-Delta-of-South-China
Air pollution standards for electic power generation in the USA being proposed by EPA, June 2014
'http://truevaluemetrics.org/DBpdfs/Pollution/Emerging-Air-Pollution-Issues-in-Changing-Pearl-River-Delta-of-South-China.pdf'
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Open PDF ... Emerging-Air-Pollution-Issues-in-Chainging-Pearl-River-Delta-of-South-China
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State-of-Global-Air-2018
Air pollution standards for electic power generation in the USA being proposed by EPA, June 2014
'http://truevaluemetrics.org/DBpdfs/Pollution/AirPollution/State-of-Global-Air-2018.pdf'
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Open PDF ... State-of-Global-Air-2018
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