While RAD's principles of action
eluded the issue of refugee women, a
study of ICARA I1 projects (in Malawi
and elsewhere in Africa) indicates that
refugee women are often at the forefront
of their design andimplementati~n,~but
it is 'also evident that the attention given
to refugee women owes more to indi-
vidual energy and aggressive steward-
ship than to a real institutional (and
international) commitment. In addition
to ICARA 11, various other RAD projects
have been carried out by UNHCR, UN
Development Programme and the
World Bank, such as PRODERE (Devel-
opment Programme for Displaced Per-
sons, Refugees and Returnees) in Central
America, the joint project (UNHCRI
World Banklgovemment) for Afghan
refugees in Pakistan, or the International
Labour Organizations (ILO) Revolving
Fund for Ethiopian Refugees in Sudan?
A gender-based review of these and
other UN efforts to promote RAD under-
lines five main trends.
I was the team leader in the work referred to in Malawi ... as well as working on many of the other ICARA related projects in Africa from the mid-1980s for almost 10 years.