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SUDAN
CRISIS IN SUDAN 2023 Crisis in Sudan ... Fighting in Sudan: What you need to know about the crisis ... Even before the recent clashes, Sudan was facing extreme weather shocks, social and political unrest and rising food prices. 
A woman from the Beja tribe woman in Port Sudan, the capital of the Red Sea State in eastern Sudan. Photo: Eric Lafforgue/Art in All of Us/Corbis via Getty Images Original article: https://www.rescue.org/article/fighting-sudan-what-you-need-know-about-crisis Peter Burgess COMMENTARY Peter Burgess |
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Crisis in Sudan ... Fighting in Sudan: What you need to know about the crisis
Even before the recent clashes, Sudan was facing extreme weather shocks, social and political unrest and rising food prices. April 17, 2023 ... Last updated: April 28, 2023 AT A GLANCE ... ABOUT SUDAN
Elsewhere in the country, five humanitarian workers were killed and two others were seriously injured in an attack in Darfur. Bullets penetrated the International Rescue Committee’s (IRC) office in Khartoum. As a result, the IRC has suspended many of our operations in the country. We are continuing to serve vulnerable communities in Blue Nile and Gederaf state, where we provide life saving services to refugees in the Tunaydbah camp An estimated 20,000 people have arrived over the border into Chad, where relief organizations, including the IRC, are providing support with health, nutrition, sanitation and protection needs. “Conflict has disrupted humanitarian action in Sudan where over a third of the population, an estimated 15 million people including refugees, are experiencing acute food insecurity,” said Kurt Tjossem, the IRC’s vice president in East Africa. The IRC is calling for all sides to address outstanding issues and bring an end to the ongoing fighting. Sudan was already facing a humanitarian crisis, with extreme weather shocks, social and political unrest and rising food prices driving poverty, hunger and displacement. What do the people of Sudan face today? Political tensions and instability Since a military coup in October 2021, Sudan has been run by a council of generals. In July 2022, given heightened public distrust of the military, the de-facto Sudanese head of state announced that he would withdraw from political talks and support the formation of a technocratic cabinet. But the current violence was sparked by a disagreement over the integration of the RSF into the military as part of this transition towards civilian rule. “The killing of humanitarian workers and scores of Sudanese is unacceptable,” Tjossem said. “The IRC calls upon all sides to work without delay to address outstanding issues with a view to achieving a lasting, inclusive political peace.” Ongoing intercommunal violence Continued conflict, often along communal lines but influenced by the agendas of local influential and political figures, has caused further displacement and insecurity in border regions of Sudan. Limited state authority and unresolved local disputes over land and natural resources in Darfur, Kordofan and Kassala drove increased fighting throughout 2022. The rise in violence in the Blue Nile state has displaced 97,000 people since July 2022, while a similar situation displaced 21,000 people in West Kordofan in October. 
Political unrest drives people away from their homes and into places like Tunaydbah camp in Sudan. People in Tunaydbah camp in Sudan sit on benches while one man kneels in front of them. Photo: Khalid Alarabi/IRC Climate change increasing frequency of extreme weather Sudan is experiencing substantially warmer and drier weather, with shorter rainy periods reducing crop production and erratic rainfall also making flooding more likely. Most Sudanese live in rural areas and depend on rain to raise crops and livestock. In the second half of 2020, at least 111,000 houses were either destroyed or severely damaged by floodwater, while the number of people critically affected exceeded 770,000. Nearly 16,000 latrines were destroyed and the collapse of the Bout Dam hindered access to water to more than 100,000 people in Blue Nile State. All 18 States of the country were affected. Unusually heavy rains have also resulted in the worst desert locust infestation seen across the horn of Africa in decades. Loss of crops and rising food prices have made it increasingly difficult for families to put food on the table each day. 
A woman wades through flood water in Managil city in al-Gezira state, east-central Sudan. In July 2022, the country declared a state of emergency due to floods in six states, including River Nile. Photo: Ebrahim Hamid/AFP via Getty Images Deepening economic crisis Sudan is facing a multitude of economic pressures: a high inflation rate, extremely low foreign reserves and the international community’s suspension of foreign debt relief programs. Though the inflation rate is predicted to fall to 115.7% in 2023 from 236.4% in 2022, this still reflects very rapidly growing prices. Sudan imports 80% of its wheat from Russia, making it particularly impacted by the ripple effects from the war in Ukraine. Financial donors suspended Sudan’s debt removal program when the military took power, meaning an agreement to write off $14 billion in debt and cancel $9 billion more in the future is no longer going ahead. On top of this, cooperation between the International Monetary Fund, World Bank and the current authorities remains suspended. The UN’s Sudan Humanitarian Response Plan, which aims to ensure the country’s humanitarian needs are met, is just 14% funded. Against this backdrop, the economic crisis is likely to grow throughout 2023: food and transportation costs may rise further, and medicine, energy and imported goods will likely face shortages. Growing refugee population from Ethiopia Following ongoing conflict in the Tigray region, over 70,000 refugees have fled over the border from Ethiopia to Eastern Sudan. Thirty one percent of the refugees are children, with a high volume of unaccompanied minors who have often experienced trauma and abuse on their journey to Sudan. People need vital support including food, protection and healthcare. 
Children play together at Tunaydbah camp, Sudan. ... 10-year old Mirkha playing football with his best friend Hafton and some other children in Tunaydbah camp, Sudan. Hafton and Mirkha are refugees from Tigray who fled to Sudan in search of safety. The boys attend the IRC's EU-funded safe spaces in the camp, and became friends through playing football together. ... Photo: Khalid Alarabi How is the IRC helping in Sudan? Note: Due to attacks on humanitarian workers, the IRC has paused our operations throughout the country, except for Tunaydbah in Gedaref State where we continue to provide services to the refugee population. “As intense conflict within Khartoum, Sudan continues, the International Rescue Committee is concerned about the welfare of approximately 3,000 people that have arrived in Tunaydbah refugee camp, Gedaref State in east Sudan,” explains Mohammed Mahdi, the IRC’s Sudan deputy program director. “The IRC will include displaced people in our ongoing health, nutrition and women empowerment activities. We will also provide them with basic items that will help meet some of their immediate needs. We anticipate more people arriving to east Sudan in the coming weeks.” The IRC works across four states in Sudan, supporting people impacted by conflict and crisis, including women, children, the elderly, persons with disabilities, refugees and host communities. This includes:
How can I help? Donate now to support the IRC's life-changing work in Sudan and worldwide. We are on the frontlines providing critical aid to crisis-affected people in more than 40 countries, including places on the 2023 Emergency Watchlist. Donate now Help the IRC continue to bring critical support to Sudan and other crisis zones around the world. Give today |
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| The text being discussed is available at https://www.rescue.org/article/fighting-sudan-what-you-need-know-about-crisis and |
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